இனசன்ட் ஒவ் முஸ்லிம்ஸ் (Innocence of
Muslims) என்பது ஐக்கிய அமெரிக்காவில் 2012இல் வெளியான மத, அரசியல்
தொடர்பான திரைப்படம். இதனால் எகிப்தின் கெய்ரோவிலுள்ள
அமெரிக்கா தூதரகம் செப்டம்பர் 11,
2012இல் தாக்கப்பட்டும், லிபியாவின் பங்காசி
நகரிலுள்ள துணைத் தூதரக மற்றும் துணைத் தூதரின் மகிழுந்து
மீதான தாக்குதலில் லிபியாவிற்கான அமெரிக்க
துணைத் தூதுவர் கிறிஸ்டோபர் ஸ்டீபன்ஸ் உட்பட நான்கு அலுவலர்கள் கொல்லப்பட்டனர்.[1]
தயாரிப்பு
தனியார் திரைப்படம் சாம் பசிலி என்பவரால் தயாரிப்பிலும் இயக்கத்திலும் இத்திரைபப்டம் உருவாகியது. 56
வயதான இத் தயாரிப்பாளர் இசுரேலிய யூதர் என தன்னை அடையாளப்படுத்துகிறார்.[1][2]
சாம் பசிலி கூற்றின்படி, அவர் இசுலாமின் வெளிவேடத்தை காட்டவே இத்திரைப்படம் தயாரித்ததாகக்
கூறுகின்றார்.[3]
ஒரு முறை திரையிடப்பட்ட இப்படம்,
கொலிவூட்டில் கிட்டத்தட்ட வெற்றுத் திரையரங்கில் ஓடியது.[4]
சாம் பசிலி திரைப்பட தயாரிப்பிற்காக நூற்றுக்கு மேற்பட்ட
யூதர்களிடமிருந்து 5 மில்லியன்
அமெரிக்க டொலர்களை பெற்றதாகத் தெரிவித்தார்.[5]
Innocence of Muslims
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Innocence of Muslims
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Directed by
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Allegedly "Sam Bacile" or "Alan
Roberts"[1]
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Written by
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Unknown
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Screenplay by
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Unknown
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Story by
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Unknown
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Editing by
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Unknown
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Studio
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Unknown
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Distributed by
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Release date(s)
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Country
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Language
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English
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Budget
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Allegedly $5,000,000
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Innocence of Muslims, previously called Desert Warriors and Innocence
of Bin Laden, is a 2012 anti-Muslim[2]
film about Muhammad.
The trailers
for the film, after they were dubbed into Arabic, were cited during the attacks on U.S. diplomatic
missions on September 11, 2012. One of these attacks was the storming of
the United States Embassy in Cairo, Egypt. The other attacks were in Benghazi,
Libya and were primarily directed at the United States consulate, which
suffered at least four deaths of U.S. diplomatic personnel, including
Ambassador Christopher Stevens.[3]
roduction
The independent film was produced and directed by a
person first identified in casting calls as "Alan Roberts",[1]
and then in media reports "Sam Bacile", initially described as a
56-year-old (52 years old according to the Wall Street Journal[4])
real estate developer from Israel who spoke by phone with the Associated
Press.[3][5]
Israeli authorities found no evidence that he is an Israeli citizen,[6][7]
and there is no evidence of a Sam Bacile around 50 years old living in
California or having a real estate license[8][7]
or participating in Hollywood filmmaking.[9]
Though "Bacile" claimed the film had been made for $5 million from
more than 100 Jewish donors,[10]
Hollywood Reporter described the film's
appearance as unprofessional, bringing this claim into doubt.[11]
The film's self-identified consultant, Steve Klein, reportedly told Bacile:
"You're going to be the next Theo van Gogh."[12]
Klein later told journalist Jeffrey
Goldberg that Bacile is not a real person and is not Israeli or Jewish, as
has been reported, and that the name is a pseudonym for
about fifteen Copts
and Evangelical
Christians from Syria, Turkey, Pakistan, and Egypt. Goldberg questions the
reliability of Klein.[13]
According to a man who identified himself to the Wall Street Journal as
Bacile, the film was produced to call attention to what he called the
"hypocrisies" of Islam.[14]
On September 12, 2012, Time
reported that Nakoula Basseley Nakoula, a Coptic Christian in Los Angeles,
admitted being the manager for the film's production, but denied being Sam
Bacile.[15]
The Associated Press interviewed Nakoula at his home after finding evidence
connecting Nakoula to Bacile, including sharing a phone number and Nakoula
previously using aliases such as Nicola Bacily.[15]
In 2010, Nakoula pled no contest to bank fraud, and was ordered to pay nearly
$800,000 in restitution, was sentenced to 21 months in prison and is forbidden
from using the Internet for five years.[15]
Nakoula Basseley Nakoula was released from prison June 2011.[16]
According to Assistant U.S. Attorney Jennifer Leigh Williams, Nakoula opened
bank accounts using stolen identities and Social Security numbers, and
deposited checks from those accounts so Nakoula would withdraw money at ATM
machines.[17]
The cast and crew have publicly stated that they were
deceived about the purpose and content of the film. In a statement obtained by
CNN, the film's 80 cast and crew members disavowed the film, they said:
"The entire cast and crew are extremely upset and feel taken advantage of
by the producer. We are 100% not behind this film and were grossly misled about
its intent and purpose." It further explained, "We are shocked by the
drastic re-writes of the script and lies that were told to all involved. We are
deeply saddened by the tragedies that have occurred."[18]
Cindy Lee Garcia, who played the mother of Muhammad's bride-to-be, said the
script for a movie called Desert Warriors, about life in Egypt 2,000
years ago, and that the character "Muhammad" was referred to as
"Mister George" on set. According to Garcia, "Bacile"
claimed to be an Israeli real estate mogul. Later, however, he told her he was
Egyptian, and she heard him speaking in Arabic with other men on set. Garcia
was stunned to find out that the film was actually an anti-Muslim agitprop piece,
and that "it makes me sick" that she was involved in a film that
caused people to die. She is considering legal action against
"Bacile."[1]
The overdubbing permitted the film's director to deceive
the cast into taking part in the movie under the pretense that it was about the
life of a generic Egyptian from 2,000 years ago. Sarah Abdurrahman, a producer
for WNYC's On the
Media program [19]
stated that all of the religious references were overdubbed.[20]
Screening, promotion and reactions
On June 23 the movie was screened once under the name,
"Innocence of Bin Laden," to an audience of under 10 at The Vine
Theater, which rents space for private screenings, on Hollywood Boulevard.[12][21]
According to one attendee, "The acting was of the worst caliber," and
"had no inkling that that movie was anti-Islamic and did not recall the
movie referencing the prophet Mohammad," but he did not see the whole
film.[21]
The film has been promoted by Terry Jones. Media reporting of Jones' burning of Qurans
previously led to deadly riots around the world. Jones said on 11 September
2012 that he planned to show a 13-minute trailer
that night at his church the Dove World Outreach Center in Gainesville, Florida. "It is an American
production, not designed to attack Muslims but to show the destructive ideology
of Islam," he said in a statement. "The movie further reveals in a
satirical fashion the life of Muhammad."[3]
In July 2012, a 14-minute excerpt from the
English-language film was posted on YouTube. By
September the movie had been dubbed into Arabic and was
brought to the attention of the Arabic-speaking world by Coptic blogger Morris Sadek whose Egyptian
citizenship had been revoked for promoting calls for an attack on Egypt.[22][23]
Muslim leaders criticized the film's depiction of Muhammad.[24]
The Daily Telegraph reported that it portrayed
Muhammad as an advocate of pedophilia and a homosexual,
and also showed him having sex.[25]
According to a Cairo newspaper, the film was denounced by
the leader of an Egyptian political party,[26]
also the US Embassy in Cairo issued a statement condemning what it called
"continuing efforts by misguided individuals to hurt the religious
feelings of Muslims," an apparent reference to the video.[27]During
the same day a two-minute excerpt dubbed in Arabic was broadcast by Sheikh
Khaled[28]
on Al-Nas, an
Egyptian television station.[29]
In the excerpt, the actor playing Muhammad called a donkey "the first
Muslim animal".[30]
Time attributed the scene, depicting Muhammad having a homoerotic,
one-sided conversation with a donkey.[31]
U.S. Libyan diplomatic mission attacks
Main article: 2012 U.S. diplomatic missions
attacks
The Arabic version of the film was cited as the alleged
reason for several September 11 attacks on U.S. embassies in the Arab world,
although reports have arisen that purport to indicate that the attacks were Al
Quaeda planned and carried out under the cover of locally incited riots[32]
. The embassies in Cairo
and Benghazi
were both attacked, with the Benghazi attack reported to have resulted in the
death of ambassador Christopher Stevens.[33]
Including three other American diplomats [34]There
is presently some confusion whether Stevens was killed in the Tuesday attack or
in a separate rocket attack on his motorcade as it fled the city early
Wednesday morning.[35]
Afghanistan decided to censor YouTube; president Hamid
Karzai said the makers of the film committed a "devilish act".[36]
Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi urged the United States government on
Tuesday to prosecute the 'madmen' behind the video."[37]
The Iranian Foreign Ministry condemned the
film as "an insult to sacred Muslim figures" while criticizing the
response of the United States government.[38]
Several news services have reported that Bacile has gone
into hiding fearing that current actions could be used as an excuse to harm
him,[3]
and that he continues to defend the film.[12]
Saying he was sorry for the death of Stevens, Bacile blamed the consulate's
security system.[6]
The day following the attacks, YouTube announced that it
had "temporarily restricted access" to the video in Egypt and Libya.[39]
References
1. ^ a
b
c
Chen, Adrian. ‘It
Makes Me Sick’: Actress in Muhammed Movie Says She Was Deceived, Had No Idea It
Was About Islam. Gawker, 2012-09-12.
2. ^ Sam Kiley (12 September 2012). "US
Anti-Muslim Film 'Designed To Enrage'". Sky News.
Retrieved 12 September 2012.
4. ^ http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444017504577645681057498266.html?mod=wsj_share_tweet/
6. ^ a
b
Peralta, Eyder. "What
We Know About Sam Bacile, The Man Behind The Muhammad Movie : The
Two-Way". NPR. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
7. ^ a
b
Corky Siemaszko (Sep 12, 2012). "Filmmaker
Sam Bacile behind anti-Mohammad propaganda 'Innocence of Muslims" is not
Israeli". New York Daily News.
8. ^ "Filmmaker
Sam Bacile behind anti-Mohammad propaganda 'Innocence of Muslims' is not
Israeli". NY Daily News. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
11. ^ Jordan Zakarin (2012-09-12). "American
Ambassador to Libya Killed Over Anti-Islam Film". Hollywood Reporter.
12. ^ a
b
c
"Anti-Islam
Filmmaker In Hiding After Attacks". Associated Press. NPR. 12 September 2012.
13. ^ "Muhammad
Film Consultant: 'Sam Bacile' is Not Israeli, and Not a Real Name - Jeffrey
Goldberg". The Atlantic. 2012-08-20. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
15. ^ a
b
c
"California
Man Confirms Role in Anti-Islam Film". Time. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
16. ^ "Locate
a Federal Inmate: Nakoula Basseley Nakoula". Federal Bureau of Prisons. 2012.
Retrieved 2012-09-12.
17. ^ "Nakoula
Basseley Nakoula Claims Role In 'Innocence Of Muslims'". Associated
Press. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
18. ^ http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2012/09/12/u-s-ambassador-to-libya-3-others-killed-in-rocket-attack-witness-says/
19. ^ http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/lookout/innocence-muslims-film-sparked-deadly-u-embassy-attacks-142118931.html
21. ^ a
b
"Anti-Muslim
film: ‘Nobody showed up’ for Hollywood screening". LA Times. Retrieved
2012-09-12.
22. ^ Sadik, Morris (September 5, 2012). "Global
film on the Life of Muhammad Nbyalasalam and the Trial of Mohammed"
(in Arabic). Coptic American National Assembly (blog). Retrieved
September 12, 2012.
23. ^ "US
envoy dies in Benghazi consulate attack". Al Jazeera English. 12
September 2012. Retrieved 12 September 2012.
24. ^ "Obscure
Film Mocking Muslim Prophet Sparks Anti-U.S. Protests in Egypt and Libya".
New York Times.
25. ^ Richard Spencer and Barney Henderson
(12 September 2012). "US
ambassador to Libya 'killed in attack on Benghazi consulate". Daily
Telegraph. Retrieved 12 September 2012.
28. ^ Max Fisher (2012-09-11). "The
Movie So Offensive That Egyptians Just Stormed the U.S. Embassy Over It".
30. ^ Robert Mackey and Liam Stack
(2012-09-11). "Obscure
Film Mocking Muslim Prophet Sparks Anti-U.S. Protests in Egypt and Libya".
31. ^ James Poniewozik (2012-09-12). "The
Anti-Muhammad Video: Ridiculous, and Now Deadly Serious". Time
Entertainment.
32. ^ September 12, 2012. "US
suspects attack in Libya may have been planned:reports". ctvnews.ca.
Retrieved 2012-09-12.
33. ^ September 12, 2012 8:22PM. "US
ambassador Chris Stevens killed in Benghazi by protesters angry at 'Innocence
of Muslims'". News.com.au. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
34. ^ http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-202_162-57511043/assault-on-u.s-consulate-in-benghazi-leaves-4-dead-including-u.s-ambassador-j-christopher-stevens/
35. ^ "US ambassador,
consul among 4 killed in militia attack on Benghazi consulate". RT.
2012-09-12.
36. ^ Arghandiwal, Miriam. "Afghanistan
bans YouTube to censor anti-Muslim film". News.yahoo.com. Retrieved
2012-09-12.
37. ^ Kirkpatrick, David D. (September 12,
2012). "U.S.
Envoy to Libya Is Killed in Attack". New York Times.
38. ^ http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-09-12/iran-condemns-muhammad-film-says-u-s-must-prevent-hatred.html
39. ^ http://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/in-egypt-youtube-blocks-video-inciting-middle-east-violence/2012/09/12/fcc78e04-fd09-11e1-98c6-ec0a0a93f8eb_story.html
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